Biogas from Landfills? A permanent fixture in today’s world, landfills typically have been open pit repositories for local waste, and in some cases, retired, and covered. However, the biological reactions in these landfills create a marketable biogas that can be useful to the owner. However, the consideration of taking a raw biogas from landfills and…
Biofuels market studies are useful in many ways. Let’s start at the beginning. Biofuels are fuels produced from renewable organic material, commonly referred to as biomass which includes plant materials, crops and animal waste. Secondary biofuels include transportation biofuels such as ethanol and biodiesel. Biofuels are substitutes for conventional fossil fuels, such as petroleum, propane,…
How has COVID impacted pollution? When history examines the 2020 impact of COVID 19, we believe it will show the pandemic as at least a bit of a mixed blessing. What we believe history will show is that as people flew and drove less, air quality drastically improved. In fact, we see predictions that carbon…
Forest biomaterials are a class of solid materials derived from trees and shrubs. Forest biomaterials are a source of renewable products that offer many benefits in terms of abundance, low density, strength, cost, easily shaped or used, and performance. Obvious examples include building products, furniture and paper board, but the list also includes high-tech materials,…
A stage gate approach (also known as a phase-gate or waterfall approach) is a common project management technique in which a project is divided into phases or stages that are separated by decision making points known as gates). At each “gate” the decision is made as to whether to stop, move forward with the existing scope, schedule,…
So, what exactly is climate change and what do climate change experts do? Climate change is defined as a change in global or regional climate patterns. It is most pronounced from the mid to late twentieth century and forward and is largely attributed to increased levels of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere produced by the…
Renewable Jet Fuel? Having flown the “heavy iron” for more than thirty (30) years, I can state with full confidence that there are only three (3) very important questions pilots have about Jet Fuel: #1. Is it good quality fuel? #2. Do we have enough? #3. How much does it weigh? Everything else is more…
Chemicals from Biomass? A major theme of 21st Century industrial development will be replacement of fossil resources by renewable resources in the production of fuels and chemicals. Due to their massive scale and cost, the rate of displacing fossil facilities will necessarily be evolutionary rather than precipitous. The most likely scenario is that the biorefinery…