By: Chuck Sorensen, Ph.D., P.E. Introduction Conventional jet fuel is made in oil refineries by various processes that convert crude oil into intermediate streams that boil within the allowable range of jet fuel. These intermediates,…
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Pulp and Paper Biorefineries: Old and New Challenges for a Circular Economy Leader
By David Peterson, Lee Enterprises Consulting Introduction When an industry faces significant challenges, which all industries will at some time, quite often the responses not only influence short-term achievements but may also influence the trajectory…
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Cyanobacteria in Sustainable Agriculture
By: Dr. Randy Simpson Cyanobacteria are a group of photosynthetic bacteria that can live in diverse environments, such as soil, water, and rocks. Handled properly, they can have several beneficial effects on crop growth, including…
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Overview of the EPA RFS Final Rulemaking 2023-2025 RVOs
By: Jennifer LeRow, Project Director Introduction & Background The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) officially released the long-awaited Renewable Volume Obligation (RVO) numbers and other important updates to the Renewable Fuel Standard (RFS) in its…
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What Can Ethanol Plant Owners do to Thrive in the Ethanol Business Today?
By Mike Sticklen & Dr. Doug Rivers Lee Enterprises Consulting The US ethanol industry is faced with flat volume (Fig. 1) and mediocre returns on capital (Fig. 2). There are several strategic opportunities available to…
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The Promise of Advancing Biomanufacturing Innovation
By Glenn Farris & Dr. Greg Potter Lee Enterprises Consulting On September 12, 2022, President Joe Biden issued an Executive Order to Advance Biotechnology and Biomanufacturing Innovation to support solutions in health, climate change, energy,…
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What Can New Biobased Businesses do to Build & Operate Investments Successfully?
By Mike Sticklen Lee Enterprises Consulting Winning Business Strategy, Robust Technology with Great Team Currently, there are numerous new investments being made in bio-based industries including renewable hydrogen and renewable hydrogen derivatives, renewable diesel, new…
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Biochar for Energy Storage Applications
By Dr. Kent Goeking Lee Enterprises Consulting Biochar is the charcoal-like carbon product obtained when biomass is heated in an oxygen-deficient environment, i.e. pyrolysis. Biochar is well known for its agriculture amendment value for increasing…
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Hydrogen from Natural Gas without Carbon Dioxide Emissions
Mark Robertson, PE., Lee Enterprises Consulting Abstract: Thermo-catalytic decomposition of methane (TCDM) converts methane directly into hydrogen and a useful solid carbon byproduct, with reduced greenhouse gas emissions. The resultant (turquoise) hydrogen can be used…
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Current and Future California SAF Pathways & Supply
By Chuck Sorensen, Ph.D., P.E. LEC Partners California leads the nation in sustainable aviation fuel (SAF) implementation initiatives. This is driven largely by the State’s aggressive fuel decarbonization goals and the Low Carbon Fuel Standard…
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