Anaerobic Digesters: Methane Formation. The inter-microbial distances influence the biodegradation rates and specific growth in the formation of Methane. The microorganisms that form methane are physiological. They can grow only with a few specific substrates,…
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Waste to Energy Technology
Waste-to-energy technology (WTE) refers to processes that convert trash – municipal solid wastes (MSW), agricultural wastes, medical or process wastes– into usable energy, such as electricity, heat, or steam. A variety of methods are used…
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Renewable Hydrogen
Renewable hydrogen is produced by a process known as electrolysis, where an electric current splits water into hydrogen and oxygen. If the electricity is produced by renewable sources like solar, wind, or biofuels, the resulting…
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Pulp and Paper Experts
The pulp and paper industry comprises companies that use wood as the raw material to produce pulp, paper, paperboard, and other cellulose-based products. Paper is a versatile material with many uses, including printing, packaging, decorating,…
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Creating Value from Landfill Gas
Creating Value from Landfill Gas? Landfills contain a toxic stew of biomass materials from old tires to food wastes to animal manure. It is literally the bottom of the rubbish barrel. The US EPA estimates…
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Biofuels Co-Products: Animal Feed
A significant portion of biofuels co-products is in the area of animal feed – often livestock feeding. Does this naturally raise the question as to whether there is a difference between animal-grade and human-grade food…
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Ethanol as a Fuel
Interest in ethanol as fuel continues to rise. Most of the gasoline now sold in the United States is blended with some amount of fuel ethanol. These blends are named by their ethanol content. For…
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Early-stage, Breakthrough Technologies: Biofuels, 10 of the Best
The concept of early stage, breakthrough biofuels technologies is a bit of an oxymoron. At an early stage how does one determine if it something is a “breakthrough” biofuels technology? This article, first published in…
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More Rubber Extraction Refineries Coming?
Are more rubber extraction refineries in our future? In 2004, the History Channel broadcast a Modern Marvels Special on Natural Rubber. My favorite quote from that special is “Our four most important natural resources are…
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Organic Acids: Key Facilitators of the Bio-economy
Organic Acids: Key Facilitators of the Bio-economy? Recent declines in oil prices and the failure of start-up biofuel processes to meet production cost targets have increased the interest in producing value added chemicals from biomass…
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