Fuel cells are solid state (no moving part) devices that efficiently convert fuel, typically hydrogen (H2) into electricity with the use of an oxidizing agent (often oxygen). Fuel cells are different from most batteries in requiring a continuous source of fuel and oxygen (usually from air) to sustain the chemical reaction, whereas in a battery the chemical energy usually…
Renewable energy and biochemical consulting firms like Lee Enterprises Consulting, Inc., have experts in Risk Management Compliance and Process Safety Management as well as other experts in biofuels/renewable fuels, biomaterials, biomass and biomass power, feedstocks, biotechnologies, and a variety of specialty services. They should also have expertise in technologies like agitation systems, anaerobic digestion, bio-oil extraction,…
What feedstocks are used for lignocellulosic biofuel production? Many different feedstocks can be used for biofuel production. If the process route consists of gasification/pyrolysis followed by a Fisher-Tropsch process, most feedstocks behave similarly. However, if the enzymatic route followed by fermentation is used, each feedstock behaves differently. Most require pre-treatment prior to hydrolysis. Pre-treatment methods…
Polypropylene (PP) is a versatile thermoplastic polymer commonly used for making a number of household containers, medical components, automotive parts, casings for various commercial products, and fabrics. Following consumer use, PP is typically sent to a landfill, incinerated with/without energy recovery, or recycled, depending on specific waste management regulations and processing economics. Generally, plastic recycling…
As the bioeconomy expands and renewables of all kinds continue to garner greater attention, many investors, project developers, lenders, and other project participants often want to know if there is any well-established firm that can provide seasoned expertise for virtually any type of bioeconomy-related project. Meet Lee Enterprises Consulting – voted Biofuels Digest’s top consulting…
The food Waste to Energy area includes a variety of technologies consisting of several different thermochemical or biological methods of generating energy from food waste materials. Popular commercial applications include composting and anaerobic digestion for processing food waste at the municipal, farm, and industrial scales. Food waste producers dealing with regulatory pressures are seeking value…
Good PowerPoint by Lee Enterprises Consulting’s, Mark Robertson, P.E. about the science, technology, best practices, current status, and future of biomass gasification, including its global potential, including industry best practices, gasification technologies, site selection, feedstock choices, commercial readiness, technical challenges and opportunities, and more.
RIN generation in new biotechnologies? Most developers of new biofuels technologies need an opinion about the generation of renewable identification numbers (RINs), the credits used for compliance under the EPA Renewable Fuels Standard. There are two issues any expert will need to assist in providing an opinion to a developer. The first hurdle is to…